Large Language ModelText GenerationGPT-4 FamilyEnriched

OpenAI GPT-4.1

GPT-4.1 is a flagship OpenAI large language model that offers GPT-4-level intelligence with improved speed, cost, and reliability. It is designed for general-purpose natural language understanding and generation, coding assistance, and complex reasoning tasks via API and ChatGPT. The model supports long-context workflows and tool use for building advanced AI applications.

by OpenAIReleased 2024-07-18Proprietary
Context Window
128K
MMLU
90.2%
HumanEval
88.2%
API Access
Available

Key Capabilities

  • +Advanced natural language understanding and generation
  • +Strong multi-step reasoning and planning
  • +High-quality code generation and debugging across many languages
  • +Tool use and function calling for agents and workflows
  • +Long-context handling up to ~128K tokens
  • +Instruction following and role-based behavior
  • +Multilingual reading and writing

Limitations

  • -Proprietary model with no access to weights or detailed training data
  • -May hallucinate or produce incorrect or unverifiable information
  • -Limited transparency around exact training data and parameter count
  • -Not fine-tunable by end users; relies on prompts and system instructions
  • -Safety filters and content policies may block some use cases

Benchmark Performance

math

math

MATH

72.2%
math

Grade School Math 8K

92.0%
math

Grade School Math 8K

90.2%

reasoning

reasoning

Graduate-Level Google-Proof Q&A

49.1%
reasoning

BIG-Bench Hard

86.7%
reasoning

Massive Multitask Language Understanding

86.5%
reasoning

Massive Multitask Language Understanding

90.2%

conversation

conversation

Chatbot Arena Elo

1253.0Elo

coding

coding

HumanEval

87.6%
coding

HumanEval

88.2%

Alternatives & Comparisons

Competing frontier model focused on strong reasoning, coding, and safety alignment.

Strengths
  • + Strong reasoning and coding
  • + Good safety alignment
Weaknesses
  • - Proprietary and closed weights
  • - Fine-tuning not generally available

Other GPT-4 Models